Integration of hydrochemical, GIS, and remote-sensing data for assessment of shallow groundwater aquifers in Wadi Nisah, Central Saudi Arabia

Groundwater samples were collected in May 2015 from 23 wells distributed in the western part of Wadi Nisah, mainly used for irrigation. Calculation of saturation indices showed that the samples were generally undersaturated with respect to halite, gypsum, anhydrite, calcite, and aragonite. Groundwater facies analysis showed that most of the collected samples were dominated by Ca–Na–SO4-type water. This water type indicates rock–water...