Phase behavior and biofuel properties of waste cooking oil-alcohol-diesel blending in microemulsion form

Waste cooking oil (WCO) can be used as an energy source to reduce fossil fuel consumption; however, WCO has high viscosity which restricts direct use in diesel engines. Emulsification techniques can be employed for fuel preparation by selecting suitable surfactants and WCO, diesel and butanol or ethanol ratios using a pseudo-ternary phase diagram. Results indicated that a WCO-diesel fuel blend (WDF) with butanol required no surfactants for...