Global-ocean circulation changes during the Smithian–Spathian transition inferred from carbon‑sulfur cycle records

Early Triassic marine ecosystems experienced multiple environmental perturbations and a delayed biotic recovery following the end-Permian mass extinction. The Smithian–Spathian boundary (SSB), in the late Early Triassic, marks a major shift toward a less intensely warm climate, ameliorated marine environmental conditions, and the onset of a more sustained recovery of marine faunas. Accumulating geochemical evidence indicates that these...