Development and validation of a firm-level vertical and horizontal internationalization metric
Abstract
The lack of valid and reliable measures of firm-level vertical and horizontal internationalization is impeding the development and testing of hypothesized relationships between these respective dimensions of internationalization and a range of important MNE characteristics, actions, and effects. Through a series of qualitative and quantitative studies using data collected from senior MNE executives (total N = 3,146), we develop and validate a...
Paper Details
Title
Development and validation of a firm-level vertical and horizontal internationalization metric
Published Date
Jun 1, 2019
Volume
28
Issue
3
Pages
533 - 543
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