Risk factors and timing for colectomy in chronically active refractory ulcerative colitis: A systematic review

Background In patients with chronic refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) the precise timing for indication to colectomy is unclear. Aims We performed a systematic review of the literature on the risk factors for colectomy in patients with chronic refractory UC in the biologic era. Methods PubMed Central/Medline and Embase were systemically searched for records published between January 2000 and December 2017. Current evidence was summarized and...