A risk-averse stochastic program for integrated system design and preventive maintenance planning

The failure of high-consequence systems, such as highspeed railways, can result in a series of severe damages. Due to the volatility of real circumstances, stochastic optimization methods are needed to aid decisions on reliability design and maintenance for the high-consequence systems. Traditionally, risk-neutral approaches are used by considering the expectation of random variables as a preference criterion. The risk-neutral approaches may...