Exploring the Distribution of Zn²⁺ in Inner and Outer Helmholtz Planes of the Electrical Double Layer of Soil based on Wien Effect

Core Ideas Wien effect measurements assess adsorbed cations distribution over the Helmholtz planes of the electrical double layer. Assessing cation distributions in the electrical double layer improves bioavailability predictions for plant nutrients and pollutant metals. Most of the zinc adsorption takes place in the inner Helmholtz plane layer and occurs via chemical interactions. The classical electrical double layer (EDL) theory explains the...