Investigation on the effect of mandrels on hollow shafts in cross-wedge rolling

Cross-wedge rolling (CWR) hollow shafts with mandrels can control the hole contour and reduce internal defects so that the working conditions for the shafts can be met. The diameter of the mandrel plays an important role in this forming process. In this study, numerical simulations and experimental trials were conducted as part of a detailed investigation on the mechanism of a mandrel and its influence on the forming quality of CWR hollow...