The Implications of Using Lagged and Baseline Exposure Terms in Longitudinal Causal and Regression Models

There are now many published applications of causal (structural) models for estimating effects of time-varying exposures in the presence of confounding by earlier exposures and confounders affected by earlier exposures. Results from these models can be highly sensitive to inclusion of lagged and baseline exposure terms for different visits. This sensitivity is often overlooked in practice; moreover, results from these models are not directly...