Investigating the topographic influence on short-wave irradiance measurements: A case study for Kanzelhöhe Observatory, Austria

We investigate terrain effects on short-wave radiation measurements at Kanzelhohe Observatory (KSO), a mountainous radiation monitoring site in the Austrian Southern Alps, using three-dimensional (3-D) radiative transfer (RT) modeling and observations. The magnitude of terrain effects on global radiation is experimentally assessed through the comparison of 10-min measurement segments ex−/including terrain reflected radiation. The reflected...