Grape Seed Extract Exerts an Anti-Apoptotic Effect and Attenuates the Decrease in Striatal Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Rotenone-Treated Mice

The potential neuroprotective effect of grape seed extract (GSE) was evaluated in the rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease in mice. Rotenone was administered at the dose of 1.5 mg/kg subcutaneously (sc) three times per week for 2 weeks alone or in combination with GSE at doses of 13.5 and 27 mg/kg, sc, daily. The control group received the vehicle. The brain levels of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione...