Screening for Early Lung Cancer, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease (the Big-3) Using Low-dose Chest Computed Tomography

Lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular disease are highly prevalent in the general population and expected to cause most deaths by 2050. For these "Big-3," treatment might cure, delay, or stop the progression of disease at a very early stage. Lung nodule growth rate (a biomarker for lung cancer), emphysema/air trapping (a biomarker for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and coronary artery calcification (a...