Evidence of human milk oligosaccharides in maternal circulation already during pregnancy: a pilot study

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive glycans linked with health benefits to both the breast-fed infant and lactating mother. We hypothesized that HMOs are present before lactation, already during pregnancy, and are influenced by maternal body composition. In a pilot study, we investigated individual and temporal variations in HMO composition and concentration in maternal serum at gestational weeks 10-14 ( visit 1), 20-24 ( visit 2),...