Self-assembly monolayers manipulate the power conversion processes in organic photovoltaics

Surface modification of zinc oxide (ZnO) plays a crucial role in enhancing the performance of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) due to its structure defect. Herein, methoxyphenylphosphonic acid (MPPA) modifier is introduced for interface engineering to improve the cell performance. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11% has been achieved based on fullerene-free systems together with a breakthrough in current density. We obtain ZnO with reduced...