A conceptual agricultural water productivity model considering under field capacity soil water redistribution applicable for arid and semi-arid areas with deep groundwater

Agricultural water productivity (AWP) model is an essential tool for irrigation water management that is highly dependent on soil water processes. Soil hydrological models based on numeric solution to the Richards’ equation are time-consuming and difficult to measure, and models based on soil water balance approach are favored especially for crop water simulation because of the less parameters requirement and higher operational efficiency. In...