Near-azeotropic volatility behavior of hydrous and anhydrous ethanol gasoline mixtures and impact on droplet evaporation dynamics

After fermentation, the concentration of bioethanol is only 8–12 wt%. To produce anhydrous ethanol fuel, a significant amount of energy is required for separation and dehydration. Once the azeotrope composition is reached, distillation can no longer be exploited for purification and more expensive methods must be used. Replacing anhydrous ethanol fuel with hydrous ethanol (at the azeotrope composition) can result in significant energy and cost...