Has China’s oil-import portfolio been optimized from 2005 to 2014? A perspective of cost-risk tradeoff

Optimizing the oil-import portfolio has become extremely effective for enhancing energy security. The focus of this paper is on whether China’s oil-import portfolio has been continuously optimized since 2005. Firstly, a multi-objective programming problem was constructed based on cost–risk tradeoff, and the optimal results were obtained. The oil-import portfolio of China since 2005 was then analyzed by comparing the optimal import strategy with...