Semidefinite Relaxation-Based PAPR-Aware Precoding for Massive MIMO-OFDM Systems

A massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) requires a large number of antennas and the same amount of power amplifiers (PAs), one per antenna. As opposed to 4G base stations, which can afford highly linear PAs, next-generation base stations will need to use inexpensive PAs, which have a limited region of linear amplification. One of the research challenges is the effective handling of signals that have high peak-to-average power ratios...