Endotoxin regulates matrix genes increasing reactive oxygen species generation by intercellular communication between palmitate‐treated hepatocyte and stellate cell

Previous studies have shown that gut‐derived bacterial endotoxins contribute in the progression of simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, although the mechanism(s) remains inaccurate to date. As hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a pivotal role in the accumulation of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to collagen deposition, fibrosis, and perpetuation of inflammatory response, an in vitro model was developed to investigate the crosstalk...