Effects of Socioeconomic Status, Parent–Child Relationship, and Learning Motivation on Reading Ability

Against the background of Chinese culture, we investigated the relationship between family socioeconomic status (SES) and children's reading ability. Participants included 2294 middle-school students in grade 8. SES was measured by parents' education level, parents' occupational prestige, and family property, and children's reading ability was estimated with item response theory. In addition, we adopted an 8-item parent-child relationship scale...