The insulinotropic effect of a high-protein nutrient preload is mediated by the increase of plasma amino acids in type 2 diabetes

Eating protein before carbohydrate reduces postprandial glucose excursions by enhancing insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We tested the hypothesis that this insulinotropic effect depends on the elevation of plasma amino acids (AA) after the digestion of food protein. In 16 T2D patients, we measured plasma AA levels through the course of two 75-g oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) preceded by either...