Expanding the Validity of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale Observer Report and Self-Report Versions Across Psychodynamic and Interpersonal Paradigms

The Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) operationalizes Criterion A of the DSM-5 alternative model for personality disorders. Yet, research on this measure has been slow to accumulate and questions remain regarding its reliability and validity. This study examined the LPFS observer-rated (OR) and self-report (SRA) versions of Criterion A in a sample of 240 students who provided psychological life history data and a variety of...