The influence of the Late Devonian Kellwasser events on deep-water ecosystems: Evidence from palaeontological and geochemical records from South China

The Late Devonian Frasnian–Famennian (F–F) event, consisting of the Lower and Upper Kellwasser events, had a severe impact on shallow-water ecosystems, while the effect on deep-water ecosystems is ambiguous. In order to recognize the Kellwasser events and to evaluate their influences on the deep-water ecosystems, a newly refined conodont biostratigraphic framework spanning the Lower Palmatolepis rhenana Zone to the Pa. delicatula platys Zone has...