Landscape context and farm uptake limit effects of bird conservation in the Swedish Volunteer & Farmer Alliance

In Europe, agri‐environmental schemes ( AES ) have been unsuccessful in halting biodiversity declines to any great extent. Two shortcomings of AES include the low farm uptake and the modest efficacy of many AES options. Partly in response to these shortcomings, initiatives encouraging farmers to take an active role in biodiversity conservation have gained in popularity. However, almost no evaluations of such initiatives exist. We evaluated...