Are Books Like Number Lines? Children Spontaneously Encode Spatial-Numeric Relationships in a Novel Spatial Estimation Task

Do children spontaneously represent spatial-numeric features of a task, even when it does not include printed numbers (Mix, Levine, & Newcombe, 2016)? Sixty first grade students completed a novel spatial estimation task by seeking and finding pages in a 100-page book without printed page numbers. Children were shown pages 1 through 6 and 100 then were asked, “Can you find page X?” Children’s precision of estimates on the page finder task and a...