Multi-lane factor for bridge traffic load from extreme events of coincident lane load effects

A novel framework for multi-lane factors (MLFs) for bridge traffic loading is proposed in this work. A general equation of MLF, consisting of a combination coefficient, a lane correction coefficient, and a share factor is established. The calculation methodology for lifetime MLF uses bivariate extreme-value theory based on coincident extreme lane loading events. Example application of the framework to a site using Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) data is...