The roles of Task complexity, working memory, and task modality in L2 development: A review of empirical studies

With the promotion of interactive tasks in educational contexts, researchers in second language acquisition have evaluated the effectiveness of task-based language teaching (TBLT). More recently, cognitive demanding variables in tasks have drawn a lot of attention, and the contradictory predictions on learners’ L2 production of Robinson’s Cognition Hypothesis and Skehan’s Trade-off Hypothesis even further promote more research on this topic. As...