Use of a neonatal rat system as a bioincubator to generate adult-like mature cardiomyocytes from human and mouse pluripotent stem cells

This protocol describes how to generate mature adult-like cardiomyocytes by culturing mouse or human PSCs in vitro initially and then transferring to neonatal rats for further cell maturation. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including induced PSCs, hold great potential for personalized disease modeling, drug testing and cell-based therapeutics. However, cells differentiated from PSCs remain immature in a dish, and thus there are serious caveats...