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Ethanol (95%) and dichloromethane : methanol (DCM : M, 1 : 1 v/v) bark extracts (BEs) and leaf extracts (LEs) of authenticated Ceylon cinnamon (CC) were studied for antiamylase, antiglucosidase, anticholinesterases, and antiglycation and glycation reversing potential in bovine serum albumin- (BSA-) glucose and BSA-methylglyoxal models in vitro . Further, total proanthocyanidins (TP) were quantified. Results showed significant differences (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) between bark and leaf extracts for the studied biological activities (except antiglucosidase) and TP. BEs showed significantly high (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) activities for antiamylase (IC 50 : <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">214</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">2</mml:mn></mml:math>–<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">215</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">10</mml:mn></mml:math> μ g/mL), antibutyrylcholinesterase (IC 50 : <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">26.62</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">1.66</mml:mn></mml:math>–<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">36.09</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.83</mml:mn></mml:math> μ g/mL), and glycation reversing in BSA-glucose model (EC 50 : <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">94.33</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">1.81</mml:mn></mml:math>–<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">107.16</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">3.95</mml:mn></mml:math> μ g/mL) compared to LEs. In contrast, glycation reversing in BSA-methylglyoxal (EC 50 : ethanol: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M9"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">122.15</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">6.01</mml:mn></mml:math> μ g/mL) and antiglycation in both BSA-glucose (IC 50 : ethanol: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M10"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">15.22</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.47</mml:mn></mml:math> μ g/mL) and BSA-methylglyoxal models (IC 50 : DCM : M: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M11"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">278.29</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">8.55</mml:mn></mml:math> μ g/mL) were significantly high (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M12"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) in leaf. Compared to the reference drugs used some of the biological activities were significantly (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M13"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) high (BEs: BChE inhibition and ethanol leaf: BSA-glucose mediated antiglycation), some were comparable (BEs: BSA-glucose mediated antiglycation), and some were moderate (BEs and LEs: antiamylase, AChE inhibition, and BSA-MGO mediated antiglycation; DCM : M leaf: BSA-glucose mediated antiglycation). TP were significantly high (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M14"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.05</mml:mn></mml:math>) in BEs compared to LEs (BEs and LEs: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M15"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">1097.90</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">73.01</mml:mn></mml:math>–<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M16"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">1381.53</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">45.93</mml:mn></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M17"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">309.52</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">2.81</mml:mn></mml:math>–<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M18"><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">434.24</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">14.12</mml:mn></mml:math> mg cyanidin equivalents/g extract, resp.). In conclusion, both bark and leaf of CC possess antidiabetic properties and thus may be useful in managing diabetes and its complications.

Antiamylase, Anticholinesterases, Antiglycation, and Glycation Reversing Potential of Bark and Leaf of Ceylon Cinnamon (<i>Cinnamomum zeylanicum</i> Blume) In Vitro

Antiamylase, Anticholinesterases, Antiglycation, and Glycation Reversing Potential of Bark and Leaf of Ceylon Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume) In Vitro