"Inbound Open Innovation, Outbound Open Innovation, and their Joint Effect on Firm Performance"

This study investigates the relationship between inbound and outbound open innovation activities. More specifically, drawing on a panel dataset of 322 European listed companies over a period of five years, it examines how the joint effect of inbound and outbound knowledge flows affects firm performance, measured both in terms of sales’ growth and profitability (ROA). Our preliminary findings suggest that under certain conditions their...