Immunoglobulin G4‐related kidney disease: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment

Immunoglobulin G4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a recently recognized clinical entity that often involves multiple organs; it is characterized by high levels of serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), dense infiltration of IgG4+ cells, and storiform fibrosis. Cellular immunity, particularly T cell‐mediated immunity, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IgG4‐RD. The most frequent renal manifestations of IgG4‐RD are IgG4‐related tubulointerstitial...