Colon Immune-Related Adverse Events: Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-PD-1 Blockade Induce Distinct Immunopathological Entities

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 improve survival in cancer patients but may induce immune-related adverse events, including colitis. The immunological characteristics of anti-CTLA-4 [αCTLA-4]- and anti-PD-1 [αPD-1]-related colitis have been poorly described. The aim of the present study was to compare the immunological and histological characteristics of αCTLA-4-induced colitis and αPD-1-induced colitis.Colonic biopsies...