Cardiovascular surgery in Loeys–Dietz syndrome types 1–4

The first publication of Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) described aortic rupture at young ages. Experience with new LDS types showed that the clinical course varies, and thresholds for prophylactic surgery are discussed. As this is an uncommon disease, experience needs to be shared.Retrospective review of patients with LDS types 1-4 undergoing cardiovascular surgery during the years 1991-2016.Thirty-five patients (including 6 children with LDS2)...