Effects of ionic composition on growth and survival of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture at low-salinity well water

The culture of white shrimp null Litopenaeus vannamei null in low salinity waters (1.2 ± 0.5 g L-1) presents challenges, the deviation of the ionic composition of water is known that influences the overall condition of the cultured organisms. The effect of water of low salinity with different ion content on the growth and survival of shrimp was determined. First, water was extracted from 4 wells with a depth of 5 to 7 m, located in Sinaloa River...