Baseline gut microbiota predicts clinical response and colitis in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab

Ipilimumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting CTLA-4, prolongs survival in a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma (MM) but can induce immune-related adverse events, including enterocolitis. We hypothesized that baseline gut microbiota could predict ipilimumab anti-tumor response and/or intestinal toxicity.Twenty-six patients with MM treated with ipilimumab were prospectively enrolled. Fecal microbiota composition was assessed using...