The role of superficial layer cells in maintenance of articular cartilage surface integrity

The superficial layers (surface and sub-surface) of human articular cartilage represent specialized joint tissues with cellular and matrix compositions different to the deeper layers. The distinct properties of the superficial layers confer specialized functions and also provide a frontline barrier to degenerative insult (cellular, soluble, biomechanical) from the joint space. The design of interventions to protect/regenerate the superficial...