Measuring green technology progress in large-scale thermoelectric enterprises based on Malmquist–Luenberger life cycle assessment

The Malmquist–Luenberger (ML) method is generally used for the overall evaluation of the green technology progress of decision-making units (DMUs) rather than that of subsystems. Life cycle assessment (LCA) can be applied to assess environmental effects but not measure technology progress. By combining the two methods and improving the ML productivity index, this study proposes an ML-LCA model. We find that the weighted computation of the rate...