Functional Hypoxia in Insects: Definition, Assessment, and Consequences for Physiology, Ecology, and Evolution

Insects can experience functional hypoxia, a situation in which O 2 supply is inadequate to meet oxygen demand. Assessing when functional hypoxia occurs is complex, because responses are graded, age and tissue dependent, and compensatory. Here, we compare information gained from metabolomics and transcriptional approaches and by manipulation of the partial pressure of oxygen. Functional hypoxia produces graded damage, including damaged...