An agent-based bioenergetics model for predicting impacts of environmental change on a top marine predator, the Weddell seal

One of the crucial scientific challenges of this century is characterizing the vulnerability of ecosystems to climate change. Bioenergetics models can provide a theoretical construct for addressing specific physiological and ecological hypotheses about how individuals may respond; however, many models fail to link energy deficiencies with reproductive consequences, and thus cannot be used to predict population-level impacts. Here, we present an...