Polythiophene nanoparticles that display reversible multichromism in aqueous media

Conjugated polymer nanoparticles in aqueous media have received much attention because of their specific electronic, optical and medicinal properties. However, flexible hydrophilic chains such as oligo(ethylene oxide) groups on the outer surface of the nanoparticles may induce increases in the particle size resulting from the aggregation of nanoparticles in water. We designed a bolaamphiphilic monomer to produce polythiophene nanoparticles. The...