Active layer seasonal freeze-thaw processes and influencing factors in the alpine permafrost regions in the upper reaches of the Heihe River in Qilian Mountains

Observational data on permafrost and active layer soil hydrothermal processes are extremely limited in the upper reaches of the Heihe River (URHHR) in Qilian Mountains. This lack acts as a bottleneck, restricting the research on the hydrological functions of different landscapes and the hydrological effects of the changes in the permafrost and active layer in the alpine permafrost regions of the Heihe River Basin. The active layer seasonal...