Modeling the Effect of Human Body on ToA Ranging Using Ray Theory

In line-of-sight (LoS) conditions, the accuracy of time-of-arrival (ToA) based localization has proven to be superior to the received-signal-strength (RSS) and the angle-of-arrival (AoA) localization techniques. The accuracy of TOA ranging is limited to unexpected ranging errors caused by the human body obstructing the direct path (DP) between a transmitter and a receiver. Validated analysis of this effect is a challenging problem, and this...