PAR1 Scaffolds TGFβRII to Downregulate TGF-β Signaling and Activate ESC Differentiation to Endothelial Cells

We studied the function of the G-protein-coupled receptor PAR1 in mediating the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to endothelial cells (ECs) that are capable of inducing neovascularization. We observed that either deletion or activation of PAR1 suppressed mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) differentiation to ECs and neovascularization in mice. This was mediated by induction of TGFβRII/TGFβRI interaction, forming an active...