Reactive max-min ant system with recursive local search and its application to TSP and QAP

Ant colony optimization is a successful metaheuristic for solving combinatorial optimization problems. However, the drawback of premature exploitation arises in ant colony optimization when coupled with local searches, in which the neighborhood’s structures of the search space are not completely traversed. This paper proposes two algorithmic components for solving the premature exploitation, i.e. the reactive heuristics and recursive local...