The cross-resistance patterns and biochemical characteristics of an imidacloprid-resistant strain of the cotton aphid

The imidacloprid-resistant strain of Aphis gossypii (RF60) was further selected with imidacloprid to establish the more resistant strain (RF75). After the selection for 15 generations, the resistance ratio relative to the susceptible strain increased from 66.60 to 72.60. The RF75 strain showed different levels of cross-resistance to all the insecticides tested. Synergistic and metabolic enzyme assays suggested that carboxylesterase and...