Placebo‐controlled pilot trial testing dose titration and intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous routes for ketamine in depression

Objective This pilot study assessed the feasibility, efficacy and safety of an individual dose‐titration approach, and of the intravenous ( IV ), intramuscular ( IM ) and subcutaneous ( SC ) routes for treating depression with ketamine. Method Fifteen treatment‐refractory depressed participants received ketamine or midazolam (control treatment) in a multiple crossover, double‐blind study. Ketamine was administered by IV ( n = 4), IM ( n = 5) or...