Synchronous MRI of muscle motion induced by electrical stimulation

Purpose Assessing the functionality of muscle fibers is essential to monitor both pathological and physiological processes. Here, we present a new method for accurate, quantitative measurement of muscle contraction with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using an electrical muscle stimulator (EMS), hence allowing the direct assessment of muscle kinematics. Methods A commercially available EMS device was used to induce involuntary periodic muscle...