Healthy co-twins of patients with affective disorders show reduced risk-related activation of the insula during a monetary gambling task

Background:

Healthy first-degree relatives of patients with affective disorders are at increased risk for affective disorders and express discrete structural and functional abnormalities in the brain reward system. However, value-based decision making is not well understood in these at-risk individuals.

Methods:

We investigated healthy monozygotic and dizygotic twins with or without a co-twin history of affective disorders...