Acute Effects of Linagliptin on Progenitor Cells, Monocyte Phenotypes, and Soluble Mediators in Type 2 Diabetes

Circulating cells, including endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and monocyte subtypes, are involved in diabetic complications. Modulation of these cells may mediate additional benefits of glucose-lowering medications. We assessed whether the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor linagliptin acutely modifies EPCs and monocyte subsets in patients with type 2 diabetes. This was a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. The study was...