Reconsidering the odds ratio as a measure of 2×2 association in a population

The odds ratio (OR) is probably the most widely used measure of 2×2 association in epidemiology, but it often produces results that are puzzling or misleading. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methods are used to take a fresh look at the OR and show where and why such puzzling results arise. When researchers choose to report a summary measure of association, the OR is one of many measures of association that might be considered, not one...